English

On the ubiquity of oriented double rays

Combinatorics 2024-05-09 v2

Abstract

A digraph HH is called ubiquitous if every digraph that contains arbitrarily many vertex-disjoint copies of HH also contains infinitely many vertex-disjoint copies of HH. We study oriented double rays, that is, digraphs HH whose underlying undirected graphs are double rays. Calling a vertex of an oriented double ray a turn if it has in-degree or out-degree 2, we prove that an oriented double ray with at least one turn is ubiquitous if and only if it has a (finite) odd number of turns. It remains an open problem to determine whether the consistently oriented double ray is ubiquitous.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2310.09857,
  title  = {On the ubiquity of oriented double rays},
  author = {Florian Gut and Thilo Krill and Florian Reich},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.09857},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

11 pages, 1 figure, minor changes

R2 v1 2026-06-28T12:51:04.056Z