English

On the sequence $n! \bmod p$

Number Theory 2024-04-16 v3 Combinatorics

Abstract

We prove, that the sequence 1!,2!,3!,1!, 2!, 3!, \dots produces at least (2+o(1))p(\sqrt{2} + o(1))\sqrt{p} distinct residues modulo prime pp. Moreover, factorials on an interval I{0,1,,p1}\mathcal{I} \subseteq \{0, 1, \dots, p - 1\} of length N>p7/8+εN > p^{7/8 + \varepsilon} produce at least (1+o(1))p(1 + o(1))\sqrt{p} distinct residues modulo pp. As a corollary, we prove that every non-zero residue class can be expressed as a product of seven factorials n1!n7!n_1! \dots n_7! modulo pp, where ni=O(p6/7+ε)n_i = O(p^{6/7+\varepsilon}) for all i=1,,7i=1,\dots,7, which provides a polynomial improvement upon the preceding results.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2204.01153,
  title  = {On the sequence $n! \bmod p$},
  author = {A. Grebennikov and A. Sagdeev and A. Semchankau and A. Vasilevskii},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.01153},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

10 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-24T10:36:15.865Z