English

On the representation-free formalism in quantum mechanics

Quantum Physics 2026-05-27 v12 Mathematical Physics math.MP

Abstract

The widespread bra-ket formalism offers valuable tools for conducting representation-free considerations in quantum theory. However, it is not without its drawbacks. In this work, we discuss these drawbacks in detail and subsequently construct a new representation-free scheme. Similar to the bra-ket formalism, the present scheme provides essential means to facilitate representation-free considerations. At the same time, it is entirely free from the drawbacks of the bra-ket formalism. Unlike the dual-space bra-ket formalism, the present scheme allows both one-space and dual-space interpretations, which is a beneficial feature. The constructed universal scheme is very well-suited for performing representation-free practical calculations.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2212.10597,
  title  = {On the representation-free formalism in quantum mechanics},
  author = {V. D. Efros},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.10597},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

15 pages, the relation at the top of p.12 is rewritten in an expanded form