English

On the last digit and the last non-zero digit of $n^n$ in base $b$

Number Theory 2012-03-20 v1

Abstract

In this paper we study the sequences defined by the last and the last non-zero digits of nnn^n in base bb. For the sequence given by the last digits of nnn^n in base bb, we prove its periodicity using different techniques than those used by W. Sierpinski and R. Hampel. In the case of the sequence given by the last non-zero digits of nnn^n in base bb (which had been studied only for b=10b=10) we show the non-periodicity of the sequence when bb is an odd prime power and when it is even and square-free. We also show that if b=22sb=2^{2^s} the sequence is periodic and conjecture that this is the only such case.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1203.4066,
  title  = {On the last digit and the last non-zero digit of $n^n$ in base $b$},
  author = {José María Grau and Antonio M. Oller-Marcén},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1203.4066},
  year   = {2012}
}