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On the Functions Which are CCZ-equivalent but not EA-equivalent to Quadratic Functions over $\mathbb F_{p^n}$

Information Theory 2023-08-11 v2 math.IT

Abstract

For a given function FF from Fpn\mathbb F_{p^n} to itself, determining whether there exists a function which is CCZ-equivalent but EA-inequivalent to FF is a very important and interesting problem. For example, K\"olsch \cite{KOL21} showed that there is no function which is CCZ-equivalent but EA-inequivalent to the inverse function. On the other hand, for the cases of Gold function F(x)=x2i+1F(x)=x^{2^i+1} and F(x)=x3+Tr(x9)F(x)=x^3+{\rm Tr}(x^9) over F2n\mathbb F_{2^n}, Budaghyan, Carlet and Pott (respectively, Budaghyan, Carlet and Leander) \cite{BCP06, BCL09FFTA} found functions which are CCZ-equivalent but EA-inequivalent to FF. In this paper, when a given function FF has a component function which has a linear structure, we present functions which are CCZ-equivalent to FF, and if suitable conditions are satisfied, the constructed functions are shown to be EA-inequivalent to FF. As a consequence, for every quadratic function FF on F2n\mathbb F_{2^n} (n4n\geq 4) with nonlinearity >0>0 and differential uniformity 2n3\leq 2^{n-3}, we explicitly construct functions which are CCZ-equivalent but EA-inequivalent to FF. Also for every non-planar quadratic function on Fpn\mathbb F_{p^n} (p>2,n4)(p>2, n\geq 4) with WFpn1|\mathcal W_F|\leq p^{n-1} and differential uniformity pn3\leq p^{n-3}, we explicitly construct functions which are CCZ-equivalent but EA-inequivalent to FF.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2306.13718,
  title  = {On the Functions Which are CCZ-equivalent but not EA-equivalent to Quadratic Functions over $\mathbb F_{p^n}$},
  author = {Jaeseong Jeong and Namhun Koo and Soonhak Kwon},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2306.13718},
  year   = {2023}
}