English

On Birkhoff angles in normed spaces

Functional Analysis 2021-07-21 v1

Abstract

Associated to Birkhoff orthogonality, we study Birkhoff angles in a normed space and present some of their basic properties. We also discuss how to decide whether an angle is more acute or more obtuse than another. In addition, given two vectors xx and yy in a normed space, we study the formula for Birkhoff `cosine' of the angle from xx to yy from which we can, in principal, compute the angle. Some examples will be presented.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2107.09454,
  title  = {On Birkhoff angles in normed spaces},
  author = {Hendra Gunawan and Muhamad Jamaludin and Mas Daffa Pratamadirdja},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.09454},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

10 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-24T04:21:37.314Z