Occupation-condensation transition of a sublinearly vertex-reinforced random walk on regular tree
Abstract
A vertex-reinforced random walk steps to a neighbour with probability proportional to , where counts previous visits to that neighbour and sets the memory strength. On the rooted -ary tree the exponential growth of the vertex set drives the walk outward while the reinforcement pulls it back. We report a sharp condensation transition of the occupation measure at a finite : below it the occupation spreads and the range grows linearly; above it a single vertex holds an fraction of the time, stable in the observation time, while the range keeps growing very slowly, at a rate better described by than by any power. We do not find the range to be bounded, and keep this condensation distinct from finite-range localization. Four estimators locate the same threshold, which shows no systematic drift out to . In a frozen environment the walk is reversible, with edge conductances , , and measure describing the condensed core, whose neighbour coupling we test directly. Reversibility places the escape at the frontier within the branching-number criterion for biased walks on trees, predicting ; the measured lines for collapse under division by to a few percent (bootstrap). The value that governs the walk on enters only as the marginal exponent of the condensed profile. Near the occupancy is non-self-averaging and bimodal, a coexistence-type phenomenology.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2607.16971,
title = {Occupation-condensation transition of a sublinearly vertex-reinforced random walk on regular tree},
author = {Bon A Koo and Edward Ju},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.16971},
year = {2026}
}