English

Observability of gravitational waves excited by binary stars orbiting around a supermassive black hole by space-based gravitational wave observatory

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2026-03-11 v3

Abstract

We produce the gravitational waveforms for the extreme mass ratio inspiral systems (EMRIs) of binary stars moving around central supermassive black hole (SBH), or called B-EMRIs. We calculate the external orbits of the binary stars via the commonly used Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) approach, and calculate the internal orbits of the binary stars via Lagrangian approach. To improve accuracy we adopt the quadrupole-octupole expression of gravitational wave (GW) and study the contribution of radiation reaction. Compared to the waveforms of EMRIs, there are higher frequency oscillations superposed on the waveforms of B-EMRIs. We perform frequency spectrum analysis of the GW waveforms, and find that higher frequency signals give their prominency in the waveforms of B-EMRIs. To obtain high precise result for future observation of GWs from space-based detector, we take into account gravito-electromagnetic (GEM) force, and compare the waveforms of B-EMRIs with GEM effects against those of B-EMRIs without GEM effects and against those of EMRIs. The result of mismatch shows that the waveforms of B-EMRIs are credibly distinguishable by the space-based GW detectors when GEM force is considered.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2405.07113,
  title  = {Observability of gravitational waves excited by binary stars orbiting around a supermassive black hole by space-based gravitational wave observatory},
  author = {Kun Meng and Hongsheng Zhang and Xi-Long Fan and Yuan Yong and Fei Du},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.07113},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

23 pages, 15 figures. EPJC accepted