English

OAM modes characteristics analysis and low-loss transmission based on topological confinement

Optics 2026-04-14 v1

Abstract

The topological confinement is a new mechanism that allows the transmission of cutoff orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes with negligible loss in ring-core fibers (RCFs) and provides a natural immunity against mode coupling. We investigate the influence of fiber design parameters and wavelength on the characteristics of topologically confined modes (TCMs) in step index ring-core fibers (SI-RCFs), and propose a type of graded index ring-core fibers (GI-RCF) with better characteristics. Furthermore, as TCMs occurs in structures with high refractive index difference and are often accompanied by relatively high scattering loss, we fabricate a type of low-loss SI-RCF and observe the stable existence of 24 low-loss TCMs in total. Subsequently, we use an analytical model to estimate the maximum signal-to-noise (SNR) and spectral efficiency (SE) of the fiber, demonstrating its strong capacity advantages.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2604.10515,
  title  = {OAM modes characteristics analysis and low-loss transmission based on topological confinement},
  author = {Yifan He and Xuchen Hua and Lei Shen and Kai Zhang and Ping Wang and Chenhao Wan and Ming Tang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.10515},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

12 pages,13 figures