English

NuSTAR as an Axion Helioscope

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2025-10-10 v2 High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

Abstract

We present a novel approach to investigating axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) by studying their potential conversion into X-rays within the Sun's atmospheric magnetic field. Utilizing high-sensitivity data from the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) collected during the 2020 solar minimum, along with advanced solar atmospheric magnetic field models, we establish a new limit on the axion-photon coupling strength gaγ7.3×1012g_{a\gamma}\lesssim 7.3\times 10^{-12}~GeV1^{-1} at 95\% CL for axion masses ma4×107m_a\lesssim 4\times 10^{-7}\,eV. This constraint surpasses current ground-based experimental limits, studying previously unexplored regions of the axion-photon coupling parameter space up to masses of ma3.4×104m_a\lesssim 3.4\times 10^{-4}\,eV. These findings mark a significant advancement in our ability to probe axion properties and strengthen indirect searches for dark matter candidates.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2407.03828,
  title  = {NuSTAR as an Axion Helioscope},
  author = {J. Ruz and E. Todarello and J. K. Vogel and F. R. Candón and M. Giannotti and B. Grefenstette and H. S. Hudson and I. G. Hannah and I. G. Irastorza and C. S. Kim and M. Regis and D. M. Smith and M. Taoso and J. Trujillo Bueno},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.03828},
  year   = {2025}
}

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Published in PRL

R2 v1 2026-06-28T17:29:04.358Z