Numerically optimized FROG results for the study of red-shifted spectra in multi-frequency Raman generation
Abstract
When multifrequency Raman scattering is driven in the transient regime by two chirped pump pulses, the resulting anti-Stokes orders exhibit asymmetric spectral broadening toward lower frequencies, leading to a characteristic double-peaked structure in each order. In this Letter, frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) is used to investigate the spectral evolution of the first anti-Stokes Raman component. To interpret the observed features, we introduce a double-pulse interference model and employ an adaptive learning-based reconstruction algorithm using the Adam optimizer to retrieve the temporal field evolution. The simulation results show good agreement with the experimental measurements. Our analysis indicates that the observed red-shifted spectral component originates from linear Raman processes within the two-photon dressed-state framework.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2602.02463,
title = {Numerically optimized FROG results for the study of red-shifted spectra in multi-frequency Raman generation},
author = {Sakthi Priya Amirtharaj and Zujun Xu and Donna Strickland and Borun Chowdhury and Sagnik Acharya and Priyam Samantray and Anil Prabhakar and Kisor Kumar Sahu and Franz Bamer and S. Swayamjyoti},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.02463},
year = {2026}
}