English

Nowhere dense competing holes in open dynamical systems

Dynamical Systems 2025-06-18 v1

Abstract

Let M\mathcal{M} be a compact metric space with no isolated points, and f:MMf:\mathcal{M}\longrightarrow\mathcal{M} a homeomorphism. Consider a sequence of shrinking open balls {Bni}nNiN\{B^i_n\}_{n\in\mathbb{N}}^{i\in\mathbb{N}} with centers {pi}i=1M\{p_i\}_{i=1}^\infty\subseteq\mathcal{M} and radii {ρni}n=1\{\rho^i_n\}_{n=1}^\infty. For every point xMx\in\mathcal{M} and nNn\in\mathbb{N}, consider which ball the trajectory {x,f(x),f2(x),}\{x,f(x),f^2(x),\dots\} of the point first visits. We find that whenever the closure of {pi}i=1\{p_i\}_{i=1}^\infty is nowhere dense, and with very minor restrictions on {ρni}nNiN\{\rho_n^i\}_{n\in\mathbb{N}}^{i\in\mathbb{N}}, the typical trajectory {fk(x)}k=0\{f^k(x)\}_{k=0}^\infty will first visit, for each ii, the ball BniB^i_n, for infinitely many nn. This is never the case, should {pi}i=1\{p_i\}_{i=1}^\infty be somewhere dense. Keywords: Open Dynamical System, Topological Dynamics, Transitive Homeomorphism, Baire category. MSC2020: 37B05, 37B20, 18F60, 54E52.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2506.14027,
  title  = {Nowhere dense competing holes in open dynamical systems},
  author = {Filippo Ciavattini and T. H. Steele},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.14027},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T03:20:47.812Z