Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Steady State Density Matrix for Quantum Open Systems
Abstract
We consider the generic model of a finite-size quantum electron system connected to two (temperature and particle) reservoirs. The quantum open system is driven out of equilibrium by the presence of both a temperature and a chemical potential differences between the two reservoirs. The nonequilibrium (NE) thermodynamical properties of such a quantum open system are studied for the steady state regime. In such a regime, the corresponding NE density matrix is built on the so-called generalised Gibbs ensembles. From different expressions of the NE density matrix, we can identify the terms related to the entropy production in the system. We show, for a simple model, that the entropy production rate is always a positive quantity. Alternative expressions for the entropy production are also obtained from the Gibbs-von Neumann conventional formula and discussed in detail. Our results corroborate and expand earlier works found in the literature.
Cite
@article{arxiv.1703.10531,
title = {Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Steady State Density Matrix for Quantum Open Systems},
author = {H. Ness},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1703.10531},
year = {2017}
}
Comments
published in Entropy 19, 158 (2007)