English

Non-topological solitons and quasi-solitons

High Energy Physics - Theory 2025-04-15 v1 Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

Abstract

Solitons in relativistic field theories are not necessarily topologically charged. In particular, non-topological solitons -- known as Q-balls -- arise naturally in nonlinear field theories endowed with attractive interactions and internal symmetries. Even without stabilizing internal symmetries, quasi-solitons known as oscillons, which are long-lived, can also exist. Both Q-balls and oscillons have significant applications in cosmology and particle physics. This review is an updated account of the intriguing properties and dynamics of these non-topological solitons and quasi-solitons, as well as their important roles in early-universe scenarios and particle physics models.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2411.16604,
  title  = {Non-topological solitons and quasi-solitons},
  author = {Shuang-Yong Zhou},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.16604},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

53 pages, invited review for Reports on Progress in Physics; comments welcome