Non-binary LDPC codes for Data Storage
Abstract
In modern data storage systems, non-binary LDPC codes for recovering from disk failures are increasingly considered strong competitors to MDS codes such as Reed-Solomon codes. Since disk failures can be modeled as erasures, we analyze non-binary LDPC codes over a -ary field in the -ary erasure channel, relative to MDS codes. Our focus is on non-binary LDPC codes whose parity-check matrix is obtained by replacing the non-zero entries of a binary base matrix by elements of a -ary finite field. For such LDPC codes, we introduce the notion of ultimate distance, which upper-bounds their minimum distance. We derive a random-coding bound on the number of non-correctable erasure patterns for the Gallager ensemble of regular non-binary LDPC codes under maximum-likelihood decoding. An algorithm for finding the ultimate distance is presented. A low-complexity algorithm for searching for the minimum distance of the non-binary LDPC code is proposed. Finally, we construct examples of non-binary LDPC codes achieving the ultimate distance.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2605.08500,
title = {Non-binary LDPC codes for Data Storage},
author = {Irina Bocharova and Boris Kudryashov and Henk D. L. Hollmann and Vitaly Skachek},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.08500},
year = {2026}
}