New Characterizations of First Order Sobolev Spaces

We provide new characterizations of Sobolev spaces that are true under some mild conditions. We study modified first order Sobolev spaces on metric measure spaces: $\mathrm{TC}$-Newtonian space, $\hat{\mathrm{TC}}$-Newtonian space, and Gigli-like space. We prove that if the measure is Borel regular and $\sigma$-finite, then the modified $\mathrm{TC}$-Newtonian space is equivalent to the Haj{\l}asz-Sobolev space. Moreover, if additionally the measure is doubling then all modified spaces are equivalent to the Haj{\l}asz-Sobolev space.