English

Nested Refinements for Dynamic Languages

Programming Languages 2011-09-16 v2

Abstract

Programs written in dynamic languages make heavy use of features --- run-time type tests, value-indexed dictionaries, polymorphism, and higher-order functions --- that are beyond the reach of type systems that employ either purely syntactic or purely semantic reasoning. We present a core calculus, System D, that merges these two modes of reasoning into a single powerful mechanism of nested refinement types wherein the typing relation is itself a predicate in the refinement logic. System D coordinates SMT-based logical implication and syntactic subtyping to automatically typecheck sophisticated dynamic language programs. By coupling nested refinements with McCarthy's theory of finite maps, System D can precisely reason about the interaction of higher-order functions, polymorphism, and dictionaries. The addition of type predicates to the refinement logic creates a circularity that leads to unique technical challenges in the metatheory, which we solve with a novel stratification approach that we use to prove the soundness of System D.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1103.5055,
  title  = {Nested Refinements for Dynamic Languages},
  author = {Ravi Chugh and Patrick M. Rondon and Ranjit Jhala},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1103.5055},
  year   = {2011}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-21T17:44:44.174Z