Detection of vector magnetic fields at nanoscale dimensions is critical in applications ranging from basic material science, to medical diagnostic. Meanwhile, an all-electric operation is of great significance for achieving a simple and compact sensing system. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a simple approach to sensing a vector magnetic field at nanoscale dimensions, by monitoring a probabilistic nanomagnet's transition probability from a metastable state, excited by a driving current due to SOT, to a settled state. We achieve sensitivities for Hx, Hy, and Hz of 1.02%/Oe, 1.09%/Oe and 3.43%/Oe, respectively, with a 200 x 200 nm^2 nanomagnet. The minimum detectable field is dependent on the driving pulse events N, and is expected to be as low as 1 uT if N = 3 x 10^6.
@article{arxiv.2208.08074,
title = {Nanoscale three-dimensional magnetic sensing with a probabilistic nanomagnet driven by spin-orbit torque},
author = {Shuai Zhang and Shihao Li and Zhe Guo and Yan Xu and Ruofan Li and Zhenjiang Chen and Song Min and Xiaofei Yang and Liang Li and Jeongmin Hong and Xuecheng Zou and Long You},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2208.08074},
year = {2022}
}