Mutual Chern-Simons Theory of Spontaneous Vortex Phase

We apply the mutual Chern-Simons effective theory (Phys. Rev. B 71, 235102) of the doped Mott insulator to the study of the so-called spontaneous vortex phase in the low-temperature pseudogap region, which is characterized by strong unconventional superconducting fluctuations. An effective description for the spontaneous vortex phase is derived from the general mutual Chern-Simons Lagrangian, based on which the physical properties including the diamagnetism, spin paramagnetism, magneto-resistance, and the Nernst coefficient, have been quantitatively calculated. The phase boundaries of the spontaneous vortex phase which sits between the onset temperature $T_{v}$ and the superconducting transition temperature $T_{c}$, are also determined within the same framework. The results are consistent with the experimental measurements of the cuprates.