We propose novel attention architectures, Multi-matrix Factorization Attention (MFA) and MFA-Key-Reuse (MFA-KR). Existing variants for standard Multi-Head Attention (MHA), including SOTA methods like MLA, fail to maintain as strong performance under stringent Key-Value cache (KV cache) constraints. MFA enhances model capacity by efficiently scaling up both the number and dimension of attention heads through low-rank matrix factorization in the Query-Key (QK) circuit. Extending MFA, MFA-KR further reduces memory requirements by repurposing the key cache as value through value projection re-parameterization. MFA's design enables strong model capacity when working under tight KV cache budget, while MFA-KR is suitable for even harsher KV cache limits with minor performance trade-off. Notably, in our extensive and large-scale experiments, the proposed architecture outperforms MLA and performs comparably to MHA, while reducing KV cache usage by up to 56% and 93.7%, respectively.
@article{arxiv.2412.19255,
title = {Multi-matrix Factorization Attention},
author = {Jingcheng Hu and Houyi Li and Yinmin Zhang and Zili Wang and Shuigeng Zhou and Xiangyu Zhang and Heung-Yeung Shum and Daxin Jiang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.19255},
year = {2025}
}