Multi-fluid multi-species models for inverse FIP-effect
Abstract
The inverse First Ionization Potential (FIP) effect is rarely observed in the solar atmosphere, and this anomaly poses a challenging problem in understanding physical processes driving this chemical fractionation. In this work, we investigate various scenarios where the inverse FIP effect could occur using simplified 1D multi-fluid MHD models. The model treats the full MHD equations with multi-fluid and multi-species effects, rather than using wave analysis to derive the ponderomotive force and semi-empirical 1D models. In the parametric study considered here, for upward Alfv\'en waves, one can achieve a negative (opposite) ponderomotive force when the magnetic field strength and the magnetic flux tubes' expansion with height counteract the dissipation and damping effects from multi-fluid interactions.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2604.11647,
title = {Multi-fluid multi-species models for inverse FIP-effect},
author = {Juan Martínez-Sykora and Paola Testa and Deborah Baker and Bart De Pontieu},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.11647},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
2 figures, accepted to be published in RSAP