Multi-Energy Proton Events and Geomagnetic Storms in Solar Cycles 23 and 24

Rositsa Miteva; Susan W. Samwel; Svetoslav Zabunov

Multi-Energy Proton Events and Geomagnetic Storms in Solar Cycles 23 and 24

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics 2025-12-19 v1

Authors: Rositsa Miteva , Susan W. Samwel , Svetoslav Zabunov

Abstract

Solar energetic protons (SEPs) in different energy channels from 10 to above 100 MeV are analyzed and their relationship to solar and geomagnetic activity is investigated. We performed temporal association analysis between the SEPs, solar flares (SFs), coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and geomagnetic storms (GSs) that occurred during solar cycles 23 and 24. The energy dependencies between the SEPs and the strength of the space weather activity are evaluated and presented.

Keywords

machine unlearning feature editing activation manipulation privacy compliance language model safety

Cite

@article{arxiv.2512.16296,
  title  = {Multi-Energy Proton Events and Geomagnetic Storms in Solar Cycles 23 and 24},
  author = {Rositsa Miteva and Susan W. Samwel and Svetoslav Zabunov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.16296},
  year   = {2025}
}

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