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Monotonic Impurity Entropy beyond Unitarity: the $\mathscr{PT}-$Symmetric Quantum Impurity Model

Strongly Correlated Electrons 2026-06-26 v1 Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics High Energy Physics - Theory Mathematical Physics Quantum Physics

Abstract

Quantum impurity models provide a paradigmatic setting for studying Kondo screening, boundary criticality, and impurity entropies. While these phenomena are well understood in unitary systems, their fate in non-Hermitian many-body settings remains largely unexplored. We study a PT\mathscr{PT}-symmetric quantum impurity model consisting of a unitary SU(2)1SU(2)_1 Wess--Zumino--Witten bulk coupled to two impurity spins through complex-conjugate boundary Kondo interactions. Using an integrable lattice realization with PT\mathscr{PT}-symmetric boundary impurities, solved by the Bethe Ansatz and benchmarked against finite-temperature matrix-product-state calculations, we determine the impurity contribution to the free energy and entropy. In the Kondo-screened regime, where the spectrum remains entirely real and the impurities are screened by many-body Kondo clouds, we find that the impurity entropy decreases monotonically from ln4\ln 4 in the ultraviolet to 00 in the infrared. This monotonic flow persists despite the nonunitary nature of the boundary interaction, which places the system beyond the standard assumptions of the gg-theorem.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2606.28495,
  title  = {Monotonic Impurity Entropy beyond Unitarity: the $\mathscr{PT}-$Symmetric Quantum Impurity Model},
  author = {Pradip Kattel and Abay Zhakenov and Natan Andrei},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2606.28495},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

5 pages, 4 figures