English

Mitigating Memorization in LLMs using Activation Steering

Computation and Language 2025-03-11 v1

Abstract

The memorization of training data by Large Language Models (LLMs) poses significant risks, including privacy leaks and the regurgitation of copyrighted content. Activation steering, a technique that directly intervenes in model activations, has emerged as a promising approach for manipulating LLMs. In this work, we explore the effectiveness of activation steering in reducing memorization while preserving generalization capabilities. We conduct empirical evaluations using a controlled memorization benchmark of literary material and demonstrate that our method successfully suppresses memorized content with minimal degradation in model performance in Gemma. Additionally, we analyze the trade-offs between suppression effectiveness and linguistic fluency, highlighting the advantages and limitations of activation-based interventions. Our findings contribute to ongoing efforts in developing safer and more privacy-preserving LLMs by providing a practical and efficient mechanism to mitigate unintended memorization.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2503.06040,
  title  = {Mitigating Memorization in LLMs using Activation Steering},
  author = {Manan Suri and Nishit Anand and Amisha Bhaskar},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.06040},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T22:11:50.385Z