English

Mid-infrared high-sensitive cavity-free in-situ CO gas sensing based on up-conversion detection

Optics 2026-05-21 v2 Instrumentation and Detectors

Abstract

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a significant indicator gas with considerable application value in atmospheric monitoring, industrial production and medical diagnosis. Its fundamental vibrational band locates around 4.6 \upmu\upmum and has larger absorption line strength than that of overtone band, which is more suitable for the precise identification and concentration detection of CO. In this paper, the up-conversion detection is employed to convert the mid-infrared absorption signal obtained by TDLAS to the visible light band, then a silicon-based detector is utilized for detection. By which, we can achieve the highest sensitivity of 79.6 ppb under the condition of cavity-free in-situ with an absorption range length of only 0.14 m. Furthermore, the single-photon level real-time detection of CO concentration after the diffuse reflection is realized by using SPAD. This work demonstrates the merits of the up-conversion detection in terms of its functionality at room temperature and capacity for sensitivity detection. Furthermore, it presents a design and optimization methodology that has the potential to underpin the advancement of the method towards more practical applications, like industrial process monitoring, medical diagnosis and so on.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.15981,
  title  = {Mid-infrared high-sensitive cavity-free in-situ CO gas sensing based on up-conversion detection},
  author = {Zhao-Qi-Zhi Han and He Zhang and Fan Yang and Xiao-Hua Wang and Bo-Wen Liu and Jin-Peng Li and Zheng-He Zhou and Yin-Hai Li and Yan Li and Zhi-Yuan Zhou and Bao-Sen Shi},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.15981},
  year   = {2026}
}