English

MemBuilder: Reinforcing LLMs for Long-Term Memory Construction via Attributed Dense Rewards

Computation and Language 2026-04-21 v3

Abstract

Maintaining consistency in long-term dialogues remains a fundamental challenge for LLMs, as standard retrieval mechanisms often fail to capture the temporal evolution of historical states. While memory-augmented frameworks offer a structured alternative, current systems rely on static prompting of closed-source models or suffer from ineffective training paradigms with sparse rewards. We introduce MemBuilder, a reinforcement learning framework that trains models to orchestrate multi-dimensional memory construction with attributed dense rewards. MemBuilder addresses two key challenges: (1) Sparse Trajectory-Level Rewards: we employ synthetic session-level question generation to provide dense intermediate rewards across extended trajectories; and (2) Multi-Dimensional Memory Attribution: we introduce contribution-aware gradient weighting that scales policy updates based on each component's downstream impact. Experimental results show that MemBuilder enables a 4B-parameter model to outperform state-of-the-art closed-source baselines, exhibiting strong generalization across long-term dialogue benchmarks.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.05488,
  title  = {MemBuilder: Reinforcing LLMs for Long-Term Memory Construction via Attributed Dense Rewards},
  author = {Zhiyu Shen and Ziming Wu and Fuming Lai and Shaobing Lian and Yanghui Rao},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.05488},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

19 pages (9 main + 10 appendix), 7 figures, 3 tables

R2 v1 2026-07-01T08:57:16.530Z