Measurement-induced entanglement and teleportation on a noisy quantum processor
Abstract
Measurement has a special role in quantum theory: by collapsing the wavefunction it can enable phenomena such as teleportation and thereby alter the "arrow of time" that constrains unitary evolution. When integrated in many-body dynamics, measurements can lead to emergent patterns of quantum information in space-time that go beyond established paradigms for characterizing phases, either in or out of equilibrium. On present-day NISQ processors, the experimental realization of this physics is challenging due to noise, hardware limitations, and the stochastic nature of quantum measurement. Here we address each of these experimental challenges and investigate measurement-induced quantum information phases on up to 70 superconducting qubits. By leveraging the interchangeability of space and time, we use a duality mapping, to avoid mid-circuit measurement and access different manifestations of the underlying phases -- from entanglement scaling to measurement-induced teleportation -- in a unified way. We obtain finite-size signatures of a phase transition with a decoding protocol that correlates the experimental measurement record with classical simulation data. The phases display sharply different sensitivity to noise, which we exploit to turn an inherent hardware limitation into a useful diagnostic. Our work demonstrates an approach to realize measurement-induced physics at scales that are at the limits of current NISQ processors.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2303.04792,
title = {Measurement-induced entanglement and teleportation on a noisy quantum processor},
author = {Jesse C. Hoke and Matteo Ippoliti and Eliott Rosenberg and Dmitry Abanin and Rajeev Acharya and Trond I. Andersen and Markus Ansmann and Frank Arute and Kunal Arya and Abraham Asfaw and Juan Atalaya and Joseph C. Bardin and Andreas Bengtsson and Gina Bortoli and Alexandre Bourassa and Jenna Bovaird and Leon Brill and Michael Broughton and Bob B. Buckley and David A. Buell and Tim Burger and Brian Burkett and Nicholas Bushnell and Zijun Chen and Ben Chiaro and Desmond Chik and Josh Cogan and Roberto Collins and Paul Conner and William Courtney and Alexander L. Crook and Ben Curtin and Alejandro Grajales Dau and Dripto M. Debroy and Alexander Del Toro Barba and Sean Demura and Augustin Di Paolo and Ilya K. Drozdov and Andrew Dunsworth and Daniel Eppens and Catherine Erickson and Edward Farhi and Reza Fatemi and Vinicius S. Ferreira and Leslie Flores Burgos and Ebrahim Forati and Austin G. Fowler and Brooks Foxen and William Giang and Craig Gidney and Dar Gilboa and Marissa Giustina and Raja Gosula and Jonathan A. Gross and Steve Habegger and Michael C. Hamilton and Monica Hansen and Matthew P. Harrigan and Sean D. Harrington and Paula Heu and Markus R. Hoffmann and Sabrina Hong and Trent Huang and Ashley Huff and William J. Huggins and Sergei V. Isakov and Justin Iveland and Evan Jeffrey and Cody Jones and Pavol Juhas and Dvir Kafri and Kostyantyn Kechedzhi and Tanuj Khattar and Mostafa Khezri and Mária Kieferová and Seon Kim and Alexei Kitaev and Paul V. Klimov and Andrey R. Klots and Alexander N. Korotkov and Fedor Kostritsa and John Mark Kreikebaum and David Landhuis and Pavel Laptev and Kim-Ming Lau and Lily Laws and Joonho Lee and Kenny W. Lee and Yuri D. Lensky and Brian J. Lester and Alexander T. Lill and Wayne Liu and Aditya Locharla and Orion Martin and Jarrod R. McClean and Matt McEwen and Kevin C. Miao and Amanda Mieszala and Shirin Montazeri and Alexis Morvan and Ramis Movassagh and Wojciech Mruczkiewicz and Matthew Neeley and Charles Neill and Ani Nersisyan and Michael Newman and Jiun H. Ng and Anthony Nguyen and Murray Nguyen and Murphy Yuezhen Niu and Tom E. O'Brien and Seun Omonije and Alex Opremcak and Andre Petukhov and Rebecca Potter and Leonid P. Pryadko and Chris Quintana and Charles Rocque and Nicholas C. Rubin and Negar Saei and Daniel Sank and Kannan Sankaragomathi and Kevin J. Satzinger and Henry F. Schurkus and Christopher Schuster and Michael J. Shearn and Aaron Shorter and Noah Shutty and Vlad Shvarts and Jindra Skruzny and W. Clarke Smith and Rolando D. Somma and George Sterling and Douglas Strain and Marco Szalay and Alfredo Torres and Guifre Vidal and Benjamin Villalonga and Catherine Vollgraff Heidweiller and Ted White and Bryan W. K. Woo and Cheng Xing and Z. Jamie. Yao and Ping Yeh and Juhwan Yoo and Grayson Young and Adam Zalcman and Yaxing Zhang and Ningfeng Zhu and Nicholas Zobrist and Harmut Neven and Ryan Babbush and Dave Bacon and Sergio Boixo and Jeremy Hilton and Erik Lucero and Anthony Megrant and Julian Kelly and Yu Chen and Vadim Smelyanskiy and Xiao Mi and Vedika Khemani and Pedram Roushan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.04792},
year = {2023}
}