We report the first experimental realization of entanglement swapping over large distances in optical fibers. Two photons separated by more than two km of optical fibers are entangled, although they never directly interacted. We use two pairs of time-bin entangled qubits created in spatially separated sources and carried by photons at telecommunication wavelengths. A partial Bell state measurement is performed with one photon from each pair which projects the two remaining photons, formerly independent onto an entangled state. A visibility high enough to violate a Bell inequality is reported, after both photons have each travelled through 1.1 km of optical fiber.
@article{arxiv.quant-ph/0409093,
title = {Long distance entanglement swapping with photons from separated sources},
author = {H. de Riedmatten and I. Marcikic and J. A. W. van Houwelingen and W. Tittel and H. Zbinden and N. Gisin},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:quant-ph/0409093},
year = {2009}
}