LHAASO-KM2A detector simulation using Geant4
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
2024-05-14 v1 High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract
KM2A is one of the main sub-arrays of LHAASO, working on gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics at energies above 10 TeV. Detector simulation is the important foundation for estimating detector performance and data analysis. It is a big challenge to simulate the KM2A detector in the framework of Geant4 due to the need to track numerous photons from a large number of detector units (>6000) with large altitude difference (30 m) and huge coverage (1.3 km^2). In this paper, the design of the KM2A simulation code G4KM2A based on Geant4 is introduced. The process of G4KM2A is optimized mainly in memory consumption to avoid memory overffow. Some simpliffcations are used to signiffcantly speed up the execution of G4KM2A. The running time is reduced by at least 30 times compared to full detector simulation. The particle distributions and the core/angle resolution comparison between simulation and experimental data of the full KM2A array are also presented, which show good agreement.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2404.04801,
title = {LHAASO-KM2A detector simulation using Geant4},
author = {Zhen Cao and F. Aharonian and Q. An and Axikegu and Y. X. Bai and Y. W. Bao and D. Bastieri and X. J. Bi and Y. J. Bi and J. T. Cai and Q. Cao and W. Y. Cao and Zhe Cao and J. Chang and J. F. Chang and A. M. Chen and E. S. Chen and Liang Chen and Lin Chen and Long Chen and M. J. Chen and M. L. Chen and Q. H. Chen and S. H. Chen and S. Z. Chen and T. L. Chen and Y. Chen and N. Cheng and Y. D. Cheng and M. Y. Cui and S. W. Cui and X. H. Cui and Y. D. Cui and B. Z. Dai and H. L. Dai and Z. G. Dai and Danzengluobu and X. Q. Dong and K. K. Duan and J. H. Fan and Y. Z. Fan and J. Fang and K. Fang and C. F. Feng and L. Feng and S. H. Feng and X. T. Feng and Y. L. Feng and S. Gabici and B. Gao and C. D. Gao and L. Q. Gao and Q. Gao and W. Gao and W. K. Gao and M. M. Ge and L. S. Geng and G. Giacinti and G. H. Gong and Q. B. Gou and M. H. Gu and F. L. Guo and X. L. Guo and Y. Q. Guo and Y. Y. Guo and Y. A. Han and H. H. He and H. N. He and J. Y. He and X. B. He and Y. He and Y. K. Hor and B. W. Hou and C. Hou and X. Hou and H. B. Hu and Q. Hu and S. C. Hu and D. H. Huang and T. Q. Huang and W. J. Huang and X. T. Huang and X. Y. Huang and Y. Huang and Z. C. Huang and X. L. Ji and H. Y. Jia and K. Jia and K. Jiang and X. W. Jiang and Z. J. Jiang and M. Jin and M. M. Kang and T. Ke and D. Kuleshov and K. Kurinov and B. B. Li and Cheng Li and Cong Li and D. Li and F. Li and H. B. Li and H. C. Li and H. Y. Li and J. Li and Jian Li and Jie Li and K. Li and W. L. Li and W. L. Li and X. R. Li and Xin Li and Y. Z. Li and Zhe Li and Zhuo Li and E. W. Liang and Y. F. Liang and J. Lin and B. Liu and C. Liu and D. Liu and H. Liu and H. D. Liu and J. Liu and J. L. Liu and J. Y. Liu and M. Y. Liu and R. Y. Liu and S. M. Liu and W. Liu and Y. Liu and Y. N. Liu and R. Lu and Q. Luo and H. K. Lv and B. Q. Ma and L. L. Ma and X. H. Ma and J. R. Mao and Z. Min and W. Mitthumsiri and H. J. Mu and Y. C. Nan and A. Neronov and Z. W. Ou and B. Y. Pang and P. Pattarakijwanich and Z. Y. Pei and M. Y. Qi and Y. Q. Qi and B. Q. Qiao and J. J. Qin and D. Ruffolo and A. Sáiz and D. Semikoz and C. Y. Shao and L. Shao and O. Shchegolev and X. D. Sheng and F. W. Shu and H. C. Song and Yu. V. Stenkin and V. Stepanov and Y. Su and Q. N. Sun and X. N. Sun and Z. B. Sun and P. H. T. Tam and Q. W. Tang and Z. B. Tang and W. W. Tian and C. Wang and C. B. Wang and G. W. Wang and H. G. Wang and H. H. Wang and J. C. Wang and K. Wang and L. P. Wang and L. Y. Wang and P. H. Wang and R. Wang and W. Wang and X. G. Wang and X. Y. Wang and Y. Wang and Y. D. Wang and Y. J. Wang and Z. H. Wang and Z. X. Wang and Zhen Wang and Zheng Wang and D. M. Wei and J. J. Wei and Y. J. Wei and T. Wen and C. Y. Wu and H. R. Wu and S. Wu and X. F. Wu and Y. S. Wu and S. Q. Xi and J. Xia and J. J. Xia and G. M. Xiang and D. X. Xiao and G. Xiao and G. G. Xin and Y. L. Xin and Y. Xing and Z. Xiong and D. L. Xu and R. F. Xu and R. X. Xu and W. L. Xu and L. Xue and D. H. Yan and J. Z. Yan and T. Yan and C. W. Yang and F. Yang and F. F. Yang and H. W. Yang and J. Y. Yang and L. L. Yang and M. J. Yang and R. Z. Yang and S. B. Yang and Y. H. Yao and Z. G. Yao and Y. M. Ye and L. Q. Yin and N. Yin and X. H. You and Z. Y. You and Y. H. Yu and Q. Yuan and H. Yue and H. D. Zeng and T. X. Zeng and W. Zeng and M. Zha and B. B. Zhang and F. Zhang and H. M. Zhang and H. Y. Zhang and J. L. Zhang and L. X. Zhang and Li Zhang and P. F. Zhang and P. P. Zhang and R. Zhang and S. B. Zhang and S. R. Zhang and S. S. Zhang and X. Zhang and X. P. Zhang and Y. F. Zhang and Yi Zhang and Yong Zhang and B. Zhao and J. Zhao and L. Zhao and L. Z. Zhao and S. P. Zhao and F. Zheng and J. H. Zheng and B. Zhou and H. Zhou and J. N. Zhou and M. Zhou and P. Zhou and R. Zhou and X. X. Zhou and C. G. Zhu and F. R. Zhu and H. Zhu and K. J. Zhu and X. Zuo},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.04801},
year = {2024}
}