Lax operator algebras and gradings on semi-simple Lie algebras

A Lax operator algebra is constructed for an arbitrary semi-simple Lie algebra over $\mathbb C$ equipped with a $\mathbb Z$-grading, and arbitrary compact Riemann surface with marked points. In this set-up, a treatment of almost graded structures, and classification of the central extensions of Lax operator algebras are given. A relation to the earlier approach based on the Tyurin parameters is established.