English

Latent Bridges for Multi-Table Question Answering

Computation and Language 2026-06-27 v1 Artificial Intelligence Databases

Abstract

We introduce GRAB, a constructor-encoder-bridge pipeline for table question answering. Our method lifts relational data into an heterogeneous graph, encodes it via message passing, and transfers the signals to an LLM through a small set of query-conditioned latent tokens. This provides the LLM with a compact, task-relevant structural representation together with the flattened text. Crucially, the LLM remains strictly frozen to preserve its general reasoning capabilities; we train only the lightweight graph encoder and latent bridge (91M parameters), allowing the entire pipeline to be trained efficiently. Our pipeline significantly improves performance on relational Question Answering, with the largest gains in demanding multi-table settings, offering an efficient, principled way to connect relational deep learning with LLMs.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2606.28916,
  title  = {Latent Bridges for Multi-Table Question Answering},
  author = {Simone Varriale and Tamara Cucumides and Floris Geerts and Paolo Papotti},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2606.28916},
  year   = {2026}
}