Largest gaps between bulk eigenvalues of unitary-invariant random Hermitian matrices
Abstract
We study random Hermitian matrix ensembles that are invariant under unitary conjugation. Let be a finite union of intervals lying in the bulk, and let be the -th largest gap between consecutive eigenvalues lying in . We prove that the rescaled gap , which is defined by \begin{align*} m_{k}^{(n)} = \frac{1}{2\pi \inf_{I}\rho} \bigg( \frac{\sqrt{32 \log n}}{n} + \frac{3q-8}{2q} \frac{ \log(2\log n)}{n \sqrt{2\log n}} + \frac{4\tau_{k}^{(n)}}{n \sqrt{2\log n}} \bigg), \end{align*} converges in distribution as to a gamma-Gumbel random variable that is shifted by an explicit constant depending only on and on the potential . Here is the density of the equilibrium measure and is the highest order at which approaches with ; for example, if , then if and otherwise. This work extends a result of Feng and Wei beyond the Gaussian potential.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2602.07524,
title = {Largest gaps between bulk eigenvalues of unitary-invariant random Hermitian matrices},
author = {Christophe Charlier},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.07524},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
30 pages, no figures