English

Koopman Embedding and Super-Linearization Counterexamples with Isolated Equilibria

Dynamical Systems 2023-07-20 v2

Abstract

A frequently repeated claim in the "applied Koopman operator theory'' literature is that a dynamical system with multiple isolated equilibria cannot be linearized in the sense of admitting a smooth embedding as an invariant submanifold of a linear dynamical system. This claim is sometimes made only for the class of super-linearizations, which additionally require that the embedding "contain the state''. We show that both versions of this claim are false by constructing (super-)linearizable smooth dynamical systems on Rk\mathbb{R}^k having any countable (finite) number of isolated equilibria for each k>1k>1.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2306.15126,
  title  = {Koopman Embedding and Super-Linearization Counterexamples with Isolated Equilibria},
  author = {Philip Arathoon and Matthew D. Kvalheim},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2306.15126},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

7 pages, 3 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-28T11:15:13.046Z