English

Kink-equivalence of matrices, spanning surfaces, 4-manifolds, and quadratic forms

Geometric Topology 2024-09-20 v1 Number Theory

Abstract

All checkerboard surfaces for a given knot in S3S^3 are related by isotopy and "kinking" and "unkinking" moves, which change the surfaces' Goeritz matrices like this: GG[±1]=[G00T±1]G\leftrightarrow G\oplus [\pm1]=\left[\begin{smallmatrix} G&\mathbf{0}\\ \mathbf{0}^T&\pm1 \end{smallmatrix}\right]. We call two symmetric integer matrices "kink-equivalent" if they are related by "kinking'' and "unkinking'' moves GG[±1]G\leftrightarrow G\oplus [\pm1] and unimodular congruence. We prove constructively that every nonsingular symmetric integer matrix is kink-equivalent to a positive-definite matrix and to a negative-definite matrix, and we give bounds on the number of moves required. This has several implications, e.g. every knot in S3S^3 is "alternating up to fake unkinking moves" and every simply connected, closed, topological 4-manifold with nonsingular intersection pairing has a positive blow-up that is homeomorphic to a negative blow-up of a positive-definite, simply connected, closed, topological 4-manifold.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2409.12858,
  title  = {Kink-equivalence of matrices, spanning surfaces, 4-manifolds, and quadratic forms},
  author = {Hugh Howards and Thomas Kindred and W. Frank Moore and John Tolbert},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.12858},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

19 pages, 9 figures, comments welcome