Recent studies on pre-trained language models have demonstrated their ability to capture factual knowledge and applications in knowledge-aware downstream tasks. In this work, we present a language model pre-training framework guided by factual knowledge completion and verification, and use the generative and discriminative approaches cooperatively to learn the model. Particularly, we investigate two learning schemes, named two-tower scheme and pipeline scheme, in training the generator and discriminator with shared parameter. Experimental results on LAMA, a set of zero-shot cloze-style question answering tasks, show that our model contains richer factual knowledge than the conventional pre-trained language models. Furthermore, when fine-tuned and evaluated on the MRQA shared tasks which consists of several machine reading comprehension datasets, our model achieves the state-of-the-art performance, and gains large improvements on NewsQA (+1.26 F1) and TriviaQA (+1.56 F1) over RoBERTa.
@article{arxiv.2012.03551,
title = {KgPLM: Knowledge-guided Language Model Pre-training via Generative and Discriminative Learning},
author = {Bin He and Xin Jiang and Jinghui Xiao and Qun Liu},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.03551},
year = {2020}
}