English

Irony at z=6.68: a bright AGN with forbidden Fe emission and multi-component Balmer absorption

Astrophysics of Galaxies 2025-10-02 v1

Abstract

We present the deepest medium-resolution JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy to date of a bright Little Red Dot (LRD) AGN, Irony at z=6.68. The data reveal broad Balmer emission from Hα\alpha-Hδ\delta and Balmer absorption in Hα\alpha-Hϵ\epsilon. The absorption lines are kinematically split: Hα\alpha is blueshifted while higher-order lines are redshifted suggesting complex gas kinematics; their relative ratios are inconsistent with a single, passive absorbing screen. The line depths require absorption of both the BLR and the continuum, ruling out a stellar origin, consistent with the smooth Balmer break. We fit the broad Hγ\gamma-Hα\alpha lines and find the data favor a double-Gaussian effective profile, although exponential wings are evident. Depending on the adopted profile, single-epoch virial estimates give log(M_\bullet/M_\odot)=7.86-8.39 and λEdd\lambda_{\rm Edd}=1.7-0.4. The dynamical mass implied by the narrow lines is low log(Mdyn/M_\odot)=9.1, suggesting an overmassive black hole. The narrow lines display little attenuation, AV<0.5_V<0.5 mag; while broad Hα\alpha/Hβ9\beta\sim9 and the broad Balmer decrements are inconsistent with standard dust attenuation curves, suggesting collisional processes. The forbidden-line spectrum includes auroral [S II] and [N II], and a forest of [Fe II] lines. Line ratios and kinematics indicate a stratified narrow-line region with both low (ne_{\rm e}=420 cm3^{-3}) and high densities (ne6.3×105_{\rm e}\gtrsim 6.3\times10^5 cm3^{-3}). We detect metal absorption lines in both the optical (Ca II and Na I) and UV range (Fe II UV1-UV3). Our results support a picture of a compact AGN embedded in a dense, high covering-factor and stratified cocoon, with complex neutral-gas kinematics. While the choice of broad-line profile affects the virial estimates of M_\bullet, we find the effect to be of order 0.6 dex between the different approaches.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2510.00101,
  title  = {Irony at z=6.68: a bright AGN with forbidden Fe emission and multi-component Balmer absorption},
  author = {Francesco D'Eugenio and Erica Nelson and Xihan Ji and Josephine Baggen and Jenny Greene and Ivo Labbé and Gabriele Pezzulli and Vanessa Brown and Roberto Maiolino and Jorryt Matthee and Elena Terlevich and Roberto Terlevich and Alberto Torralba and Stefano Carniani},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.00101},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

28 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to ApJ