English

Invariants recovering the reduction type of a hyperelliptic curve

Number Theory 2025-02-27 v3

Abstract

Tate's algorithm tells us that for an elliptic curve EE over a local field KK of residue characteristic 5\geq 5, E/KE/K has potentially good reduction if and only if ord(jE)0\text{ord}(j_E)\geq 0. It also tells us that when E/KE/K is semistable the dual graph of the special fibre of the minimal regular model of E/KunrE/K^{\text{unr}} can be recovered from ord(jE)\text{ord}(j_E). We generalise these results to hyperelliptic curves of genus g2g\geq 2 over local fields of odd residue characteristic KK by defining a list of absolute invariants that determine the potential stable model of a genus gg hyperelliptic curve CC. They also determine the dual graph of the special fibre of the minimal regular model of C/KunrC/K^{\text{unr}} if C/KC/K is semistable. This list depends only on the genus of CC, and the absolute invariants can be written in terms of the coefficients of a Weierstrass equation for CC. We explicitly describe the method by which the valuations of the invariants recover the dual graphs. Additionally, we show by way of a counterexample that if g2g \geq 2, there is no list of invariants whose valuations determine the dual graph of the special fibre of the minimal regular model of a genus gg hyperelliptic curve CC over a local field KK of odd residue characteristic when CC is not assumed to be semistable.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2502.08487,
  title  = {Invariants recovering the reduction type of a hyperelliptic curve},
  author = {Lilybelle Cowland Kellock and Elisa Lorenzo},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.08487},
  year   = {2025}
}

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40 pages