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Intrinsic exceptional point -- a challenge in quantum theory

Quantum Physics 2025-03-04 v2 Mathematical Physics math.MP

Abstract

In spite of its unbroken PT{\cal PT}-symmetry, the popular imaginary cubic oscillator Hamiltonian H(IC)=p2+ix3H^{(IC)}=p^2+{\rm i}x^3 does not satisfy all of the necessary postulates of quantum mechanics. The failure is due to the ``intrinsic exceptional point'' (IEP) features of H(IC)H^{(IC)} and, in particular, to the phenomenon of a high-energy asymptotic parallelization of its bound-state-mimicking eigenvectors. In the paper it is argued that the operator H(IC)H^{(IC)} (and the like) can only be interpreted as a manifestly unphysical, singular IEP limit of a hypothetical one-parametric family of certain standard quantum Hamiltonians. For explanation, an ample use is made of perturbation theory and of multiple analogies between IEPs and conventional Kato's exceptional points.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2411.12501,
  title  = {Intrinsic exceptional point -- a challenge in quantum theory},
  author = {Miloslav Znojil},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.12501},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

44 pp

R2 v1 2026-06-28T20:05:00.000Z