Interpolation of classical Lorentz spaces measuring oscillation

We obtain an explicit characterization of the $K$-functional of a pair of weighted classical Lorentz spaces of type $S$. We develop a method for obtaining such characterization based on a relation between the desired quantity and the $K$-functional of a specific couple of spaces of type $\Lambda$, which are substantially more manageable than their companions of type $S$. The core of our techniques is a subtle manipulation with respective fundamental functions. We present several applications, in particular we nail down a formula for the $K$-functional of a Lebesgue space and a classical Lorentz space of type $S$ with a power weight, and using this formula we establish an inequality of a reverse Marchaud type.