English

Inclusions of Standard Subspaces

Operator Algebras 2025-06-23 v1 Mathematical Physics math.MP

Abstract

Standard subspaces are closed real subspaces of a complex Hilbert space that appear naturally in Tomita-Takesaki modular theory and its applications to quantum field theory. In this article, inclusions of standard subspaces are studied independently of von Neumann algebras. Several new methods for their investigation are developed, related to polarizers, Gelfand triples defined by modular data, and extensions of modular operators. A particular class of examples that arises from the fundamental irreducible building block of a conformal field theory on the line is analyzed in detail.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2506.16085,
  title  = {Inclusions of Standard Subspaces},
  author = {Ricardo Correa da Silva and Gandalf Lechner},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.16085},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

34 pages

R2 v1 2026-07-01T03:24:48.115Z