English

Hybrid Imitation-Learning Motion Planner for Urban Driving

Robotics 2025-04-22 v2 Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning

Abstract

With the release of open source datasets such as nuPlan and Argoverse, the research around learning-based planners has spread a lot in the last years. Existing systems have shown excellent capabilities in imitating the human driver behaviour, but they struggle to guarantee safe closed-loop driving. Conversely, optimization-based planners offer greater security in short-term planning scenarios. To confront this challenge, in this paper we propose a novel hybrid motion planner that integrates both learning-based and optimization-based techniques. Initially, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) generates a human-like trajectory, which is then refined by an optimization-based component. This component not only minimizes tracking errors but also computes a trajectory that is both kinematically feasible and collision-free with obstacles and road boundaries. Our model effectively balances safety and human-likeness, mitigating the trade-off inherent in these objectives. We validate our approach through simulation experiments and further demonstrate its efficacy by deploying it in real-world self-driving vehicles.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2409.02871,
  title  = {Hybrid Imitation-Learning Motion Planner for Urban Driving},
  author = {Cristian Gariboldi and Matteo Corno and Beng Jin},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.02871},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

2024 IEEE 27th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)

R2 v1 2026-06-28T18:34:18.262Z