English

Hurwitz numbers and BKP hierarchy

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems 2015-01-30 v2 High Energy Physics - Theory Mathematical Physics math.MP

Abstract

We consider special series in ratios of the Schur functions which are defined by integers \textscf0\textsc{f}\ge 0 and \textsce2\textsc{e} \le 2, and also by the set of 3k3k parameters ni,qi,ti,i=1,...,kn_i,q_i,t_i,\,i=1,..., k. These series may be presented in form of matrix integrals. In case k=0k=0 these series generates Hurwitz numbers for the dd-fold branched covering of connected surfaces with a given Euler characteristic \textsce\textsc{e} and arbitrary profiles at \textscf\textsc{f} ramification points. If k>0k>0 they generate weighted sums of the Hurwitz numbers with additional ramification points which are distributed between color groups indexed by i=1,...,ki=1,...,k, the weights being written in terms of parameters ni,qi,tin_i,q_i,t_i. By specifying the parameters we get sums of all Hurwitz numbers with \textscf\textsc{f} arbitrary fixed profiles and the additional profiles provided the following condition: both, the sum of profile lengths and the number of ramification points in each color group are given numbers. In case \textsce=\textscf=1,2\textsc{e}=\textsc{f}=1,2 the series may be identified with BKP tau functions of Kac and van de Leur of a special type called hypergeometric tau functions. Sums of Hurwitz numbers for dd-fold branched coverings of RP2{\mathbb{RP}}^2 are related to the one-component BKP hierarchy. We also present links between sums of Hurwitz numbers and one-matrix model of the fat graphs.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1407.8323,
  title  = {Hurwitz numbers and BKP hierarchy},
  author = {S. M. Natanzon and A. Yu. Orlov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1407.8323},
  year   = {2015}
}

Comments

37 pages. Some changes are introduced

R2 v1 2026-06-22T05:17:23.375Z