English

How to find expressible and trainable parameterized quantum circuits?

Quantum Physics 2026-03-17 v1 Machine Learning

Abstract

Whether parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) can be systematically constructed to be both trainable and expressive remains an open question. Highly expressive PQCs often exhibit barren plateaus, while several trainable alternatives admit efficient classical simulation. We address this question by deriving a finite-sample, dimension-independent concentration bound for estimating the variance of a PQC cost function, yielding explicit trainability guarantees. Across commonly used ans\"atze, we observe an anticorrelation between trainability and expressibility, consistent with theoretical insights. Building on this observation, we propose a property-based ansatz-search framework for identifying circuits that combine trainability and expressibility. We demonstrate its practical viability on a real quantum computer and apply it to variational quantum algorithms. We identify quantum neural network ans\"atze with improved effective dimension using over 6×6 \times fewer parameters, and for VQE on H2\mathrm{H}_2 we achieve UCCSD-like accuracy at substantially reduced circuit complexity.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.14451,
  title  = {How to find expressible and trainable parameterized quantum circuits?},
  author = {Peter Röseler and Dennis Willsch and Kristel Michielsen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.14451},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:20:49.050Z