English

How do sound waves in a Bose-Einstein condensate move so fast?

Soft Condensed Matter 2016-07-01 v2 Statistical Mechanics High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

Abstract

Low-momentum excitations of a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate behave as phonons and move at a finite velocity v_s. Yet the atoms making up the phonon excitation each move very slowly; v_a = p/m --> 0. A simple "cartoon picture" is suggested to understand this phenomenon intuitively. It implies a relation v_s/v_a = N_ex, where N_ex is the number of excited atoms making up the phonon. This relation does indeed follow from the standard Bogoliubov theory.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.cond-mat/0306372,
  title  = {How do sound waves in a Bose-Einstein condensate move so fast?},
  author = {P. M. Stevenson},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:cond-mat/0306372},
  year   = {2016}
}

Comments

6 pages, 2 figures (.eps), LaTeX2e. More introductory discussion added

R2 v1 2026-07-22T10:51:19.849Z