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Heisenberg Uniqueness Pairs and the wave equation

Classical Analysis and ODEs 2023-11-28 v1

Abstract

Given a curve Γ\Gamma and a set Λ\Lambda in the plane, the concept of the Heisenberg uniqueness pair (Γ,Λ)(\Gamma, \Lambda) was first introduced by Hedenmalm and Motes-Rodr\'{\i}gez (Ann. of Math. 173(2),1507-1527, 2011, \cite{HM}) as a variant of the uncertainty principle for the Fourier transform. The main results of Hedenmalm and Motes-Rodr\'{\i}gez concern the hyperbola Γϵ={(x1,x2)R2,x1x2=ϵ}\Gamma_{\epsilon}=\{(x_1, x_2)\in \mathbb{R}^2,\, x_1x_2=\epsilon\} (0ϵR0\ne\epsilon\in \mathbb{R}) and lattice-crosses Λαβ=(αZ×{0})({0}×βZ)\Lambda_{\alpha\beta}=(\alpha\mathbb{Z}\times \{0\})\cup(\{0\}\times \beta\mathbb{Z}) (α,β>0\alpha, \beta>0), where it's proved that (Γϵ,Λαβ)(\Gamma_{\epsilon}, \Lambda_{\alpha\beta}) is a Heisenberg uniqueness pair if and only if αβ1/ϵ\alpha\beta\leq 1/|\epsilon|. In this paper, we aim to study the endpoint case (i.e., ϵ=0\epsilon=0 in Γϵ\Gamma_{\epsilon}) and investigate the following problem: what's the minimal amount of information required on Λ\Lambda (the zero set) to form a Heisenberg uniqueness pair? When Λ\Lambda is contained in the union of two curves in the plane, we give characterizations in terms of some dynamical system conditions. The situation is quite different in higher dimensions and we obtain characterizations in the case that Λ\Lambda is the union of two hyperplanes.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2311.15601,
  title  = {Heisenberg Uniqueness Pairs and the wave equation},
  author = {Shanlin Huang and Jiaqi Yu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.15601},
  year   = {2023}
}

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24 pages