English

Hard Provability Logics

Logic 2019-11-12 v1

Abstract

Let PL(T,T)\mathcal{PL}({\sf T},{\sf T}') and PLΣ1(T,T)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf T},{\sf T}') respectively indicates the provability logic and Σ1\Sigma_1-provability logic of T{\sf T} relative in T{\sf T}'. In this paper we characterize the following relative provability logics: PLΣ1(HA,N)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf HA},\mathbb{N}), PLΣ1(HA,PA)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf HA},{\sf PA}), PLΣ1(HA,N)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf HA}^*,\mathbb{N}), PLΣ1(HA,PA)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf HA}^*,{\sf PA}), PL(PA,HA)\mathcal{PL}({\sf PA},{\sf HA}), PLΣ1(PA,HA)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf PA},{\sf HA}), PL(PA,HA)\mathcal{PL}({\sf PA}^*,{\sf HA}), PLΣ1(PA,HA)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf PA}^*,{\sf HA}), PL(PA,PA)\mathcal{PL}({\sf PA}^*,{\sf PA}), PLΣ1(PA,PA)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf PA}^*,{\sf PA}), PL(PA,N)\mathcal{PL}({\sf PA}^*,\mathbb{N}), PLΣ1(PA,N)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf PA}^*,\mathbb{N}) (see Table \ref{Table-Theories}). It turns out that all of these provability logics are decidable. The notion of {\em reduction} for provability logics, first informally considered in \cite{reduction}. In this paper, we formalize a generalization of this notion (\Cref{Definition-Reduction-PL}) and provide several reductions of provability logics (See diagram \ref{Diagram-full}). The interesting fact is that PLΣ1(HA,N)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf HA},\mathbb{N}) is the hardest provability logic: the arithmetical completenesses of all provability logics listed above, as well as well-known provability logics like PL(PA,PA)\mathcal{PL}({\sf PA},{\sf PA}), PL(PA,N)\mathcal{PL}({\sf PA},\mathbb{N}), PLΣ1(PA,PA)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf PA},{\sf PA}), PLΣ1(PA,N)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf PA},\mathbb{N}) and PLΣ1(HA,HA)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf HA},{\sf HA}) are all propositionally reducible to the arithmetical completeness of PLΣ1(HA,N)\mathcal{PL}_{\Sigma_1}({\sf HA},\mathbb{N}).

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1911.04284,
  title  = {Hard Provability Logics},
  author = {Mojtaba Mojtahedi},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.04284},
  year   = {2019}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-23T12:11:41.476Z