In contrast to conventional structures, efficient non-radiative carrier recombination counteracts the appearance of optical gain in graphene. Based on a microscopic and fully quantum-mechanical study of the coupled carrier, phonon, and photon dynamics in graphene, we present a strategy to obtain a long-lived gain: Integrating graphene into a photonic crystal nanocavity and applying a high-dielectric substrate gives rise to pronounced coherent light emission suggesting the design of graphene-based laser devices covering a broad spectral range.
@article{arxiv.1409.8182,
title = {Graphene as Gain Medium for Broadband Lasers},
author = {Roland Jago and Torben Winzer and Andreas Knorr and Ermin Malic},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.8182},
year = {2015}
}