English

Gradient Flow Finite Element Discretisations with Energy-Based $hp$-Adaptivity for the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation with Angular Momentum

Numerical Analysis 2025-12-19 v2 Numerical Analysis

Abstract

This article deals with the stationary Gross-Pitaevskii non-linear eigenvalue problem in the presence of a rotating magnetic field that is used to model macroscopic quantum effects such as Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). In this regime, the ground-state wave-function can exhibit an a priori unknown number of quantum vortices at unknown locations, which necessitates the exploitation of adaptive numerical strategies. To this end, we consider the conforming finite element method in combination with a discrete Sobolev gradient descent, which is guided by the energy-topology of the problem, to address the nonlinearity. In addition, a key novelty of this work is an hphp-adaptive strategy that is solely based on energy decay rather than a posteriori error estimators for the refinement process. Numerical results demonstrate that the hphp-adaptive strategy is highly efficient in terms of accuracy to compute the ground-state wave function and energy for several test problems where we observe exponential convergence.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2412.17680,
  title  = {Gradient Flow Finite Element Discretisations with Energy-Based $hp$-Adaptivity for the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation with Angular Momentum},
  author = {Pascal Heid and Paul Houston and Benjamin Stamm and Thomas P. Wihler},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.17680},
  year   = {2025}
}