English

Gradient-based multi-focus image fusion with focus-aware saliency enhancement

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2025-09-29 v1

Abstract

Multi-focus image fusion (MFIF) aims to yield an all-focused image from multiple partially focused inputs, which is crucial in applications cover sur-veillance, microscopy, and computational photography. However, existing methods struggle to preserve sharp focus-defocus boundaries, often resulting in blurred transitions and focused details loss. To solve this problem, we propose a MFIF method based on significant boundary enhancement, which generates high-quality fused boundaries while effectively detecting focus in-formation. Particularly, we propose a gradient-domain-based model that can obtain initial fusion results with complete boundaries and effectively pre-serve the boundary details. Additionally, we introduce Tenengrad gradient detection to extract salient features from both the source images and the ini-tial fused image, generating the corresponding saliency maps. For boundary refinement, we develop a focus metric based on gradient and complementary information, integrating the salient features with the complementary infor-mation across images to emphasize focused regions and produce a high-quality initial decision result. Extensive experiments on four public datasets demonstrate that our method consistently outperforms 12 state-of-the-art methods in both subjective and objective evaluations. We have realized codes in https://github.com/Lihyua/GICI

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2509.22392,
  title  = {Gradient-based multi-focus image fusion with focus-aware saliency enhancement},
  author = {Haoyu Li and XiaoSong Li},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.22392},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

iCIG 2025

R2 v1 2026-07-01T05:58:54.219Z