English

Graded S-Matrices, Generalised Gibbs Ensembles and Fractional-Spin CDD Deformations

High Energy Physics - Theory 2025-11-25 v2

Abstract

We introduce and study a class of two-dimensional integrable quantum field theories that carry an internal Zn\mathbb{Z}_n structure. These models extend factorised scattering beyond the conventional framework, featuring both the usual hierarchy of integer-spin conserved charges and an additional tower of fractional-spin ones. Our construction relies on a reparametrisation of rapidity space that lifts standard scattering amplitudes to a multiplet related by an internal cyclic symmetry. This construction is naturally embedded within a generalised Gibbs ensemble, which provides the natural framework for a consistent graded Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz. This leads to new Y-systems encoding the graded spectrum. In a special case, these functional relations match those obtained via the ODE/IM correspondence from the monodromy analysis of the quantum cubic oscillator. Even in the simplest models, for one sign of the auxiliary temperature, the finite-volume ground-state energy spectrum undergoes an infinite sequence of level crossings as the coupling strength increases. A preliminary analysis also suggests that these theories exhibit structural connections with cyclic orbifolds. Within this setup, one can consistently include extra CDD factors that realise fractional-spin analogues of the TTˉT\bar{T} deformation. In analytically tractable cases, a Hagedorn-like behaviour is observed for a sign of the flow parameter, and the deformed spectrum develops a finite limiting temperature.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2511.03791,
  title  = {Graded S-Matrices, Generalised Gibbs Ensembles and Fractional-Spin CDD Deformations},
  author = {Nicolò Brizio and Tommaso Morone and Nicolò Primi and Roberto Tateo},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.03791},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

70 pages, 18 figures. v2: references added, minor improvements